Beekman 7^th Edition Chapters 1 and 2 Test Study Guide

Science is a discipline which we use to explain, predict and control reality

quantify information

general purpose tool

hardware

output

Software (Program) (application) controls the computer hardware and the flow and transformation of the information

Repetitive calculations and tasks

integrated circuit

Moore’s law

Silicon Valley

server

firmware

internet vs. WWW

arpanet

WWW

paradigm shift

application program (application)

spreadsheets

artificial intelligence

biodigital

processing information ( vs. input, output or storage)

memory (RAM)

peripheral

primary storage

RAM

RAM is CPU accessible

binary

bit

digital

ASCII

byte (256 values, or 0-255 or -128 to +127)

Unicode

gigabyte

megabyte

kilobyte

motherboard

backward compatible

compatible

clock ( the function of the system clock)

prefetch

bottleneck

cache

access time for hard disk

access time for RAM

non-volatile memory

bus

expansion slot

ROM

BIOS (in ROM)